Primary antibody production process, preservation method, preservation solution introduction!
1. Antigen and antibody production process
Antigens and antibodies are two types of biomolecules commonly used in immunology research, and their production is as follows:
1. Antigen Production Process
An antigen is a substance that can cause an immune response, and can be a protein, polypeptide, sugar, nucleic acid, etc. Antigen production usually requires the following steps:
(1) Raw material extraction: Select suitable biological materials as raw materials for antigens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, cells, proteins, etc.
(2) Antigen preparation: the extracted raw materials undergo a series of treatments and processing to prepare antigens. Specific methods include chemical treatment, heat treatment, enzyme treatment, ion exchange, affinity chromatography and the like.
(3) Purification of antigens: Purify the prepared antigens by various purification methods to obtain antigens with high purity.
2. Antibody Production Process
Antibodies are specific proteins that bind to antigens and elicit an immune response, and are commonly used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Antibody production requires the following steps:
(1) Immunogen preparation: select a suitable antigen and prepare a substance that can be used as an immunogen.
(2) Animal immunization: inject the immunogen into suitable animals to stimulate the animals to produce antibodies.
(3) Serum collection: collect animal serum and separate the serum containing antibodies.
(4) Antibody purification: Purify the serum containing antibodies through various purification methods to obtain high-purity antibodies.
The production process of antigens and antibodies needs to go through multiple steps, including raw material extraction, processing, purification, immunization, collection, purification, etc. The production process may vary for different antigens and antibodies, but the overall process is generally the same.
2. Antigen and antibody preservation method
Antigens and antibodies are important reagents commonly used in biological research. Correct storage methods can ensure their quality and activity and prolong their service life. The following are commonly used antigen and antibody storage methods:
1. Freeze-drying method: freeze-dry the antigen or antibody solution and store it for a long time at -20°C or lower. This method prevents degradation and contamination of the reagents, but attention should be paid to temperature and pressure control during lyophilization to avoid loss or reduction of its activity.
2. Freezing method: After adding the antigen or antibody solution to an appropriate amount of preservation solution, use liquid nitrogen or a freezing box or other freezing equipment for cryopreservation. This method can be stored at -20°C or lower for a long time, but care should be taken to use appropriate preservation fluid and freezing equipment to ensure the quality and stability of the reagents.
3. Dilution method: After diluting the antigen or antibody solution to a certain concentration, dilute to the required concentration with preservation solution, and then store in cold storage. This method can be stored at 4°C for a long time, but care should be taken to avoid contamination and degradation of the reagents, and its activity and quality should be tested regularly.
4. Adding sugar: Add the antigen or antibody solution to an appropriate amount of sugar solution, such as sucrose or mannitol, and then store it in cold storage. This method can maintain the stability and activity of the reagent, but attention should be paid to the concentration and pH of the sugar solution to avoid affecting the quality and stability of the reagent.
It should be noted that different types of antigens and antibodies have different storage methods and conditions, which need to be selected and optimized according to specific conditions. At the same time, during storage and use, care should be taken to avoid contamination and degradation to ensure the quality and stability of the reagents.
3. Antigen and antibody preservation solution
Antigen and antibody preservation solution is a buffer solution used to preserve antigens and antibodies, and usually contains a certain concentration of preservatives, stabilizers and other components to maintain the activity and stability of antigens and antibodies and prevent their degradation and inactivation. The following are commonly used antigen and antibody preservation solutions:
1. PBS buffer: It is a sterile phosphorus buffered saline solution with a pH value of 7.4, which is often used to preserve biological molecules such as antigens and antibodies.
2. Tris buffer: It is a buffer containing tricarboxyaminomethane (Tris), with a pH value between 7.0-9.0, which can be used to preserve biomolecules such as antibodies.
3. Glycerol/Tryptone solution: It is a buffer solution containing glycerol and tryptone, which can be used to preserve microbial molecules such as antigens and antibodies.
4. BSA solution: It is a buffer solution containing bovine serum albumin (BSA), which can be used to preserve biological molecules such as antigens and antibodies.
5. Glycerol solution: It is a solution containing glycerin, which can be used to preserve biological molecules such as antigens and antibodies, and is often used for cryopreservation.
The above are commonly used antigen and antibody storage solutions. Different types of antigens and antibodies need to choose suitable storage solutions to maintain their activity and stability and prevent their degradation and inactivation. At the same time, proper temperature and storage time should be paid attention to during storage to ensure the quality and stability of the reagents.
